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Aldosterone Is a steroid hormone that is synthesized from cholesterol in the cells of the glomerular layer of the adrenal cortex. It is the main and most powerful mineralocorticoid. It is metabolized in the liver and kidneys, leading to increased reabsorption of sodium and chlorine in the renal tubules. As a result, sodium and chlorine retention is observed in the body, fluid excretion in the urine is reduced, and potassium excretion is increased in parallel. Aldosterone is involved in regulating electrolyte balance, maintaining blood volume, and maintaining blood pressure.
Normal aldosterone secretion depends on many factors - the action of the renin-angiotensin system, potassium content (stimulates hyperkalemia, and hypokalemia inhibits aldosterone production), ACTH (short-term increase in aldosterone secretion in physiological conditions, short-term increase in blood secretion).
Excess aldosterone causes hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, marked sodium retention, and increased urinary potassium excretion, which is clinically manifested in the form of arterial hypertension, muscle weakness, convulsions, and paresthesias and arrhythmias.
In primary hyperaldosteronism (Cone syndrome) there is an autonomic increase in aldosterone secretion, the most common cause of which is adenoma of the glomerular zone of the adrenal cortex (up to 62%).
Secondary hyperaldosteronism is associated with congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis and ascites, certain kidney diseases, high-potassium and low-sodium diets, toxicosis in pregnant women, all cases of renal artery stenosis (2-3%).
Primary hyperaldosteronism is characterized by an increase in aldosterone levels, low plasma renin activity, for secondary hyperaldosteronism - an increase in aldosterone concentration, combined with high plasma renin activity.
Usually, hypoaldosteronism is accompanied by hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, decreased urinary potassium excretion and increased sodium excretion, metabolic acidosis, and hypotension. The most common cause of this condition is a decrease in renin due to kidney damage (hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism), especially in diabetics.
Chronic adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease), autoimmune pathology of the adrenal glands, amyloidosis are accompanied by a decrease in aldosterone levels and an increase in plasma renin.
Prior to testing for aldosterone, the patient should discontinue medications that act on the levels of this hormone.
In order to detect primary hyperaldosteronism, it is recommended:
Venous blood
Level increase:
Level decrease:
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More than 1000 routine and complex/specific diagnostic tests in all major areas of clinical pathology.
48 laboratory centers in 25 cities of Georgia: Tbilisi, Rustavi, Kutaisi, Batumi, Marneuli, Telavi, Zugdidi, Zestafon, Gori, Kobuleti, Akhaltsikhe, Khashuri, Sartichala, Kazbegi, Borjomi, Samtredia, Gurjaani, Lagodekhi, Akhmeta, Ozurgeti, Poti, Chiatura , Dusheti, Kareli, New Gudauri.
Use the Synevo web platform to view results from anywhere and anytime
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30 laboratory centers in 11 cities of Georgia: Tbilisi, Kutaisi, Batumi, Kobuleti, Zugdidi, Zestaponi, Rustavi, Marneuli, Akhaltsikhe, Telavi, Gori.
More than 3000 routine and complex / specific diagnostic tests in all major areas of clinical pathology.
"Synevo" - Providing a wide range of diagnostic services in Georgia, offering more than 1,000 routine and specific diagnostic tests in all major areas of clinical pathology. By the end of 2023, the Synevo Georgia network will include 3 clinical laboratories and 47 blood sampling units, which will perform more than 300,000 tests.
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