Opiates (urine) Laboratory research

General Information

One of the important representatives of opioids (opiates) is morphine. It is a natural product extracted from the white poppy. It is a narcotic analgesic that relieves severe pain.

Heroin is obtained by diacetylation of opium-derived morphine isolated from poppy milk. These opiates reduce pain, feelings of fear and anxiety.

Opiates are usually taken intravenously or subcutaneously, but they can also be taken orally or inhaled.

Once in the bloodstream, opioids accumulate in the lungs, spleen, kidneys, and liver. Lower concentration in muscles and nervous system.

Morphine is excreted in the urine unchanged, as well as glucuronidated and other minor metabolites. Traces of opioids have been found in bile and feces, but excretion occurs mainly in the urine.

The spectrum of action of heroin is almost the same as that of morphine, although its analgesic effect is 5-10 times greater than that of morphine. Heroin causes a strong euphoria. Like morphine, it causes intellectual impoverishment of a person. It causes a suppression of fear and a feeling of joy and a surge of energy and pleasure. Overdose can cause respiratory depression and death.

Opiates cause strong physical dependence. The state of withdrawal begins a few hours after taking the last dose and lasts up to 5-10 days. The time interval required from drug consumption to the development of positive effects depends on many factors: frequency of consumption, amount, metabolic status of the body, period of half-life and excretion of the substance, weight of the user, type of food and others.

Ssurvey Material: urine

Referral norm: Negative

A positive result indicates the presence of the test substance in the urine.

A negative result does not always rule out the consumption of a toxic substance, because its concentration may be tiny, which the test cannot detect.