Neisseria gonorrhea | DNA (PJR in real time)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is characterized by tropism of the vagina, urethra, endocervical canal, rectum, larynx, conjunctival epithelium. Bacteremia (less than 1% of cases) can lead to peritoneal inflammation. Transmission of the infection asymptomatic, which contributes to the development of complications due to lack of treatment, is typical for 50-90% of women and 10% of men. It should be noted that Neisseria gonorrhoeae are associated with an increased risk of developing other sexually transmitted infections, especially T. vaginalis.

The main manifestation of gonococcal infection in men is urethritis, which can lead to the development of the following complications: prostatitis, vesiculitis, epididymitis, paraurethritis, periurethritis, etc. Infertility may develop.

In women, according to the localization of the inflammatory process, there are:

• Gonococcal infection of the lower parts of the genitourinary system (cervicitis, urethritis, cystitis, vulvovaginitis);
• Inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs (endometritis, salpingitis, oophoritis, pelvic peritonitis).

In case of chronic process and prolonged course of treatment, ectopic pregnancy and infertility may develop. Gonococcal infection in pregnant women causes premature rupture of membranes, premature birth, and fetal infection.

Other localizations of the lesion (in both men and women):

• Anorectal zone;
• Oropharynx;
• Eye: Gonococcal ophthalmia in newborns, gonococcal conjunctivitis (gonoblenorea) usually occurs in newborns in the first hours or days of life. Infection develops when the fetus passes through the mother's infected birth canal or (in rare cases) comes into contact with the infant's maternity staff with infected hands.

Laboratory diagnostics of diseases caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae includes direct detection methods such as microscopic examination of stained smear, culture method by inoculation with special means, and pjr (PCR) Diagnosis (detection of pathogen DNA).

Currently, the most common method of diagnosing gonococcal infection remains the method of molecular diagnostics - polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This method allows the identification and appointment of treatment for N. gonorrhoeae in a short time with high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity (more than 96%).

Research material

Recommended for PCR diagnostics:

• In men The first part of the morning urine is using. This is the most optimal material in which case the diagnostic sensitivity reaches 85% -95%.
• Consumption of the first part of urine in women has a lower diagnostic sensitivity (about 80-90%) than in men, so in the case of women Urogenital smear Recognized as the most optimal material for testing. The study of the first part of the urine in women can be used in situations where it is difficult to take a smear from the vagina and cervix (for example, in pregnant women) or in the face of a cystitis clinic (including chronic). It is the most optimal time to examine women The fourth week from the first day of the last menstrual period.
• You can pick up a smear brush and Eppendorf with transport fluid at Synevo branches.
• To take a smear, contact a doctor-specialist (urologist, gynecologist).

The research material should be brought to the laboratory by 13:00.

How to prepare for the test?

Before taking smear:

• Do not use a vaginal shower;
• It is recommended to abstain from sexual intercourse for at least 24-48 hours;
• Do not urinate directly before smearing;
• Contraceptive use should be discontinued three days in advance;
• The smear is taken 24-48 hours after the colposcopy and 24 hours after the vaginal ultrasound examination;

• Perform external genital hygiene procedures without the use of soap and other detergents;
• The test may be performed no earlier than 10-14 days after completion of antibacterial, antifungal, or topical antiseptics;
• It is recommended to perform the test during ovulation or in the presence of symptoms of inflammatory disease of the urogenital tract.
• Examination isn't performing during menstrual bleeding.
• The examination is performing 2 weeks after taking preparations containing microorganisms (probiotics, eubiotoc).