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Iron (Fe) It is an essential element for the synthesis of hemoglobin and myoglobin, 70% of the iron in the body is bound by hemoglobin. It is also contained in small amounts in some enzymes, while the rest of the iron is stored in the body in the form of ferritin and hemosiderin (proteins that store iron in cells). In the blood it binds to transferrin (an iron transport protein) for transport.
Absorption of iron in food occurs from the gastrointestinal tract in a maximum amount of 2 mg daily. In healthy people, iron absorption compensates for its loss through feces, urine, bile, intestinal epithelial cells, skin, sweat, and menstrual blood, which helps maintain iron homeostasis.
The total concentration of iron in the serum is about 20% higher in the morning than in the evening.
In women, iron levels are usually lower than in men and depend on the phase of the menstrual cycle. Iron levels in both sexes decrease with age.
When symptoms characteristic of iron deficiency are observed:
Testing is recommended before starting blood transfusions or iron replacement therapy.
The test is prescribed by a doctor
Increased iron levels:
Iron deficiency:
Iron deficiency causes microcytic anemia (reduction in the size of red blood cells) and can be associated with situations such as:
It is important to know that Iron deficiency anemia, Very often, is a secondary process caused by other major diseases. For this reason, it is recommended to differentiate the causes of anemia and search for the source before starting additional therapy.
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