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Fibrinogen (Factor I) - Glycoprotein, which is a precursor of fibrin, and fibrin, in turn, forms the basis of thrombus. Fibrinogen is the first factor in the blood coagulation system. Blood plasma contains it at a concentration of 200-400 mg / dl (254 g / l). It is synthesized in the liver at a rate of 1,75-5,0 g / day. The half-life is 3-5 days.
Fibrinogen levels increase:
Fibrinogen levels decrease:
In addition to coagulation, fibrinogen also participates in fibrinolytic reactions: it binds to excess thrombin (hence it is also called antithrombin I) and activates plasminogen. In this regard, changes in the amount and / or structure of fibrinogen can cause both bleeding and thrombosis.
In addition, fibrinogen belongs to the group of proteins of the acute phase - its increase is observed after 24-48 hours, which leads to an increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (fibrinogen is the main protein that affects the rate of EDS). In addition to participating in inflammation, fibrinogen also plays an important role in the processes of angiogenesis. In the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, fibrinogen levels are a prognostic marker in the case of cardiovascular disease.
Plasmin removes fibrinogen as well as fibrin. The action of plasmin on fibrinogen produces fragments X, Y, D and E. Similar fragments are released after fibrin breakdown, as well as D-dimers and other degradation products that have cross-covalent bonds.
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