Chlamydia trachomatis/Neisseria gonorrhea pjr

**** Test is done once a week - Friday

Chlamydia Is a gram-negative intracellular bacterium. The genus Chlamydia combines four species: C. trachomatis, C. pneumoniae, C. psitttaci and C. pecorum.

Recent classifications divide chlamydia into 4 families, the most important of which is the family Chlamydiaceae, which includes two genera:

• Genus Chlamydia - The most important representative is C. trachomatis;
• Genus Chlamydophila - C. pneumoniae, C. psittaci, C. pecorum, C. abortus and others.

Of them important, Chlamydia trachomatisCan cause various diseases.

Chlamydia trachomatis-He Serotypes - A, B და C - They invite Trachoma - A serious disease that damages the eyes, causes severe conjunctivitis and increases the risk of vision loss. Trachoma is the most common cause of acquired blindness in the world. Transmission occurs through direct and contact with the infected eye or nasal secretions.

Chlamydia trachomatis-He Serotype DK - Causes urinary tract infections.

Infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in women cause inflammation of the cervix, urethra, fallopian tubes, and uterus; In men - inflammation of the urethra, epididymis and prostate. It can also cause proctitis (inflammation of the rectum).

The infection is often asymptomatic, which hinders the process of receiving medical care and increases the risk of transmission to a partner during sexual intercourse. In some cases of infection may be mucous or mucous-purulent vaginal discharge, bleeding after intercourse, pain during urination, frequent urination and pain during intercourse. Infection can lead to complications such as infertility, reactive arthritis (part of Reiter's syndrome, along with conjunctivitis and urethritis), pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, and ectopic pregnancy.

Chlamydia trachomatis is transmitted through sexual contact. Newborns of mothers with chlamydial infection may develop neonatal conjunctivitis, pneumonia and others.

Chlamydia trachomatis-He Serotypes - L1-L3 - They invite Venereal Lymphogranuloma - A disease characterized by painless genital ulcers that occur spontaneously. After a few weeks, the lymph nodes in the uterus, which may be swollen, increase in size.

The disease can cause infertility.

It is mainly found in tropical countries.

Chlamydial infections are treated with antimicrobials of macrolides, tetracyclines, and quinolones. Untreated chlamydial infection can lead to severe complications.

Serological, molecular-biological and other research methods are used to diagnose infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is characterized by tropism of the vagina, urethra, endocervical canal, rectum, larynx, conjunctival epithelium. Bacteremia (less than 1% of cases) can lead to peritoneal inflammation. Transmission of the infection asymptomatic, which contributes to the development of complications due to lack of treatment, is typical for 50-90% of women and 10% of men. It should be noted that Neisseria gonorrhoeae are associated with an increased risk of developing other sexually transmitted infections, especially T. vaginalis.

The main manifestation of gonococcal infection in men is urethritis, which can lead to the development of the following complications: prostatitis, vesiculitis, epididymitis, paraurethritis, periurethritis, etc. Infertility may develop.

In women, according to the localization of the inflammatory process, there are:

• Gonococcal infection of the lower parts of the genitourinary system (cervicitis, urethritis, cystitis, vulvovaginitis);
• Inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs (endometritis, salpingitis, oophoritis, pelvic peritonitis).

In case of chronic process and prolonged course of treatment, ectopic pregnancy and infertility may develop. Gonococcal infection in pregnant women causes premature rupture of membranes, premature birth, and fetal infection.

Other localizations of the lesion (in both men and women):

• Anorectal zone;
• Oropharynx;
• Eye: Gonococcal ophthalmia in newborns, gonococcal conjunctivitis (gonoblenorea) usually occurs in newborns in the first hours or days of life. Infection develops when the fetus passes through the mother's infected birth canal or (in rare cases) comes into contact with the infant's maternity staff with infected hands.

material Material

Recommended for PCR diagnostics:

• In men The first part of the morning urine is using. This is the most optimal material in which case the diagnostic sensitivity reaches 85% -95%.
• Consumption of the first part of urine in women has a lower diagnostic sensitivity (about 80-90%) than in men, so in the case of women Urogenital smear Recognized as the most optimal material for testing. The study of the first part of the urine in women can be used in situations where it is difficult to take a smear from the vagina and cervix (for example, in pregnant women) or in the face of a cystitis clinic (including chronic). It is the most optimal time to examine women The fourth week from the first day of the last menstrual period.
• You can pick up a smear brush and Eppendorf with transport fluid at Synevo branches.
• To take a smear, contact a doctor-specialist (urologist, gynecologist).

The research material should be brought to the laboratory by 13:00.