Chlamydia trachomatis | Antibodies IgM

Chlamydia Is a gram-negative intracellular bacterium. The genus Chlamydia combines four species: C. trachomatis, C. pneumoniae, C. psitttaci and C. pecorum.

Recent classifications divide chlamydia into 4 families, the most important of which is the family Chlamydiaceae, which includes two genera:

• Genus Chlamydia - The most important representative is C. trachomatis;
• Genus Chlamydophila - C. pneumoniae, C. psittaci, C. pecorum, C. abortus and others.

Of them important, Chlamydia trachomatisCan cause various diseases.

Serotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis - A, B and C. - They invite Trachoma - A serious disease that damages the eyes, causes severe conjunctivitis and increases the risk of vision loss. Trachoma is the most common cause of acquired blindness in the world. Transmission occurs through direct and contact with the infected eye or nasal secretions.

Serotype of Chlamydia trachomatis DK - Causes urinary tract infections.

Infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in women cause inflammation of the cervix, urethra, fallopian tubes, and uterus; In men - inflammation of the urethra, epididymis and prostate. It can also cause proctitis (inflammation of the rectum).

The infection is often asymptomatic, which hinders the process of receiving medical care and increases the risk of transmission to a partner during sexual intercourse. In some cases of infection may be mucous or mucous-purulent vaginal discharge, bleeding after intercourse, pain during urination, frequent urination and pain during intercourse. Infection can lead to complications such as infertility, reactive arthritis (part of Reiter's syndrome, along with conjunctivitis and urethritis), pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, and ectopic pregnancy.

Chlamydia trachomatis is transmitted through sexual contact. Newborns of mothers with chlamydial infection may develop neonatal conjunctivitis, pneumonia and others.

Serotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis - L1-L3 - They invite Venereal lymphogranuloma - A disease characterized by painless genital ulcers that occur spontaneously. After a few weeks, the lymph nodes in the uterus, which may be swollen, increase in size.

The disease can cause infertility.

It is mainly found in tropical countries.

Chlamydial infections are treated with antimicrobials of macrolides, tetracyclines, and quinolones. Untreated chlamydial infection can lead to severe complications.

Serological, molecular-biological and other research methods are used to diagnose infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Accompanied by any infection caused by the genus Chlamydia Rapid formation of antibodies to genus-specific lipopolysaccharide antigen. In all infections caused by chlamydia, IgM and IgA antibodies appear first, indicating the acute stage of the disease (primary infection, chronic reactivation). It is necessary to consider the possibility of false positive results of the study, which is due to the cross-reaction between the species of chlamydia. In case of doubtful results it is necessary to assess the presence of IgG and repeat the study in dynamics after 7-14 days.

IgM detection is most effective in the diagnostics of neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia.

When should we test for chlamydia against trachomatis IgM?

IgM antibodies are defined as:

• Among other markers to confirm the acute stage of infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in cervicitis, salpingitis, endometritis (in women), epididymitis (in men), urethritis, proctitis, Reiter syndrome, arthritis, conjunctivitis, trachoma;
• In infants and children in the first month of life with conjunctivitis and pneumonia;

The research is conducted in the following cases:

• Genital discharge;
• Genital ulcers;
• Enlarged lymph nodes in the uterus;
• Sexual intercourse with a partner who has been diagnosed with a chlamydial infection;
• Chronic pelvic pain;
• Infertility;
• Pain when urinating;
• Pain during sexual intercourse;
• Epididymitis;
• Prostatitis;
• Diagnosis of reactive arthritis.

How to prepare for the test?

No special preparation is required for the test.

Research material

Venous blood

Possible interpretation of the results

Positive result:

Acute stage of infection (primary or chronic reactivation).

Negative result:

• No infection is noted;
• Absence of acute stage of infection (primary or chronic reactivation).

Resources

https://www.synevo.ro/shop/chlamydia-trachomatis-anticorpi-ig-g/

https://www.synevo.bg/chlamydia-trachomatis/

https://spravochnik.synevo.ua/ru/urogenitalnie-infektcii/id1093.html