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The complement system is part of the immune system and is involved in the removal of microbes and damaged cells. It functions together with antibodies and phagocytes to form the complement cascade, as cascade reactions are triggered when complement is activated. The complement system is the front line of immunity in the fight against pathogens.
The c1q component of complement is a protein with a molecular weight of 400 kDa, which consists of three molecules, C1q, C1r and C1s, which are non-covalently linked to each other and to Ca2+ ions. c1q globular domain interacts with specific domains of IgG and IgM and forms immune complexes. C1q has no protease activity.
After the formation of the antigen-antibody complex, c1q undergoes a conformational change, which leads to the removal of the c1-inhibitor (blocking) protein and the activation of the c1r molecule.
Such molecules as: c-reactive protein, β-amyloid, heparin, some gram-negative bacteria, viruses, mycoplasmas, cellular components - DNA, mitochondrial membrane, cytoskeleton filaments and others, also have the ability to activate complement.
Congenital deficiency of c1-c4 components of complement leads to failure of peptides required for removal of immune complexes, attraction of neutrophils to the center and initiation of catalytic activity. Such patients are at high risk of infections with encapsulated microorganisms and may also develop an autoimmune disease.
C1 To diagnose complement deficiency
Preparation of the patient: The study is conducted on an empty stomach.
Material for examination: Venous blood
Referral norm: 160 – 310 mg/l
Low levels of complement components indicate acquired, congenital deficiencies, or excessive absorption of complement as a result of autoimmune diseases.
Hereditary complement C1 deficiency is rare. Its deficiency is associated with diseases characterized by the formation of immune complexes, such as: systemic lupus erythematosus, polymyositis, glomerulonephritis and Schönlein-Henoch purpura.
Systemic lupus erythematosus is most commonly characterized by c1 complement deficiency. The clinical manifestation of the disease does not correlate with the degree of complement deficiency.
A low level of C1 complement also characterizes conditions with an abnormal titer of immunoglobulins (Bruton's hypogammaglobulinemia, acute immunodeficiency, etc.).
The level of complement proteins in the serum increases against the background of inflammatory and infectious processes. After the end of the pathological process, the indicators are normalized.
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53 laboratory centers in 25 cities of Georgia: Tbilisi, Rustavi, Kutaisi, Batumi, Marneuli, Telavi, Zugdidi, Zestafon, Gori, Kobuleti, Akhaltsikhe, Khashuri, Sartichala, Kazbegi, Borjomi, Samtredia, Gurjaani, Lagodekhi, Akhmeta, Ozurgeti, Poti, Chiatura , Kabali village, Dusheti, Kareli, Tianeti.
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30 laboratory centers in 11 cities of Georgia: Tbilisi, Kutaisi, Batumi, Kobuleti, Zugdidi, Zestaponi, Rustavi, Marneuli, Akhaltsikhe, Telavi, Gori.
More than 3000 routine and complex / specific diagnostic tests in all major areas of clinical pathology.
"Synevo" - Providing a wide range of diagnostic services in Georgia, offering more than 1,000 routine and specific diagnostic tests in all major areas of clinical pathology. By the end of 2024, the Synevo Georgia network will include 3 clinical laboratories and 53 blood sampling units, which will perform more than 300,000 tests.
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