Anti-B2 glycoprotein-1 IgG

General Information

Beta-2 glycoprotein 1 autoantibodies are associated with inadequate blood clotting. They belong to antiphospholipid antibodies, which are mistakenly directed against the lipid-protein structures of the membrane of their own cells (including platelets). This study, along with other antiphospholipid antibodies (anticardiolipin antibodies and lupus anticoagulant antibodies), is performed to diagnose antiphospholipid syndrome.

Antiphospholipid antibodies are associated with thrombotic processes in both venous and arterial blood.

The detection of antiphospholipid antibodies is more typical in people with autoimmune diseases. Antiphospholipid syndrome is also an autoimmune condition that causes thrombosis, thrombocytopenia and spontaneous abortions.

In an autoimmune disease such as lupus, the production of autoantibodies and thrombotic processes also begin.

When is the test conducted?

The beta-2 glycoprotein 1 autoantibody test, along with lupus anticoagulant and cardiolipin autoantibody testing, is used to diagnose conditions such as:

Antiphospholipid syndrome

Unexplained thrombotic episodes

Transient ischemic (thrombotic) attacks

Spontaneous abortions (recurrent), with eclampsia or pre-eclampsia

Systemic lupus erythematosus or other connective tissue systemic autoimmune disorders

3 main classes of autoantibodies are identified, namely: IgG, IgM, IgA.

If the initial tests for antiphospholipid antibodies class G and M are negative, but antiphospholipid syndrome cannot be ruled out (depending on the clinical situation), then an IgA test is performed, along with other less common antibody tests, such as anti-phosphatidylserine antibodies and anti-prothrombin antibodies. However, the research value of antiphospholipid IgA antibodies remains controversial.

Interpretation of results

Research data are discussed together with the history of illness, clinical condition, anamnesis, data of physical and instrumental-laboratory studies.

Positive indicators of beta-2 glycoprotein 1 autoantibodies may indicate the presence of antiphospholipid syndrome. If the tests are positive, it is recommended to recheck them in 12 weeks to determine if the autoantibodies are temporary or persist (permanent).

The diagnostics of antiphospholipid syndrome is made on the basis of both clinical data and the persistent presence of one of the antiphospholipid antibodies.

If the test for beta-2 glycoprotein 1 antibodies is negative, but positive for antiphospholipid antibodies in general, and there are clinical manifestations of the disease, antiphospholipid syndrome is most likely present.

If the beta-2 glycoprotein 1 autoantibody test is weakly or moderately positive, along with other antiphospholipid antibodies, another cause (eg, an infectious process) is likely. If the antibody response is negative after repeated testing, the antibodies were temporary. Transient autoantibodies occur in humans with acute infections, HIV/AIDS, tumors, and certain medications such as phenytoin, penicillins, and procainamide.

If an autoimmune disease, such as lupus, is diagnosed, and the beta-2 glycoprotein 1 autoantibody test is positive, this indicates an increased risk of developing thrombosis.

If an autoimmune disease is diagnosed, but the test for antibodies is negative, it may be necessary to repeat the study.

When should we do the research?

The need for antiphospholipid antibody research arises when there are clinical manifestations, or thrombosis (venous or arterial) is noted, when there is an anamnesis of one or more miscarriages, especially in the second or third trimester.

Research material

Venous blood

advance preparation 

does not require